The first step in applying for all need-based financial aid for college is to complete and submit the FAFSA. But even the most organized, eager applicant can’t do that yet because the FAFSA isn’t available until January 1.
However, about 270 private schools require the CSS/PROFILE in addition to (never in replacement of) the FAFSA. Many of those schools want the PROFILE submitted well before January 1, especially if you’re applying for an early admission program.
The only way to make sure you meet each school's requirements is to visit the financial aid sections of each school’s website and find out: (1) what forms are required, and (2) the deadlines for submission.